__________________________________________________________ The U.S. Department of Energy Computer Incident Advisory Capability ___ __ __ _ ___ / | /_\ / \___ __|__ / \ \___ __________________________________________________________ INFORMATION BULLETIN Cisco CatOS Telnet, HTTP and SSH Vulnerability [Cisco Document ID: 52781] June 9, 2004 18:00 GMT Number O-157 ______________________________________________________________________________ PROBLEM: Cisco CatOS is susceptible to a TCP-ACK Denial of Service (DoS) attack on the Telnet, HTTP and SSH service. PLATFORM: Hardware - Catalyst 6000 series - Catalyst 5000 series - Catalyst 4500 series - Catalyst 4000 series - Catalyst 2948G, 2980G, 2980G-A, 4912G use Catalyst 4000 series code base - Catalyst 2901, 2902, 2926[T,F,GS,GL], 2948 use Catalyst 5000 series code base Software - 8.xGLX, earlier than 8.3(2) GLX - 8.x, earlier than 8.2.(2) - 7.x, earlier than 7.6(6) - 6.x, earlier than 6.4(9) - 5.x and earlier, earlier than 5.5(20) DAMAGE: If exploited, the vulnerability causes the Cisco CatOS running device to stop functioning and reload. SOLUTION: Apply security updates. ______________________________________________________________________________ VULNERABILITY The risk is LOW. To exploit this vulnerability, either Telnet ASSESSMENT: or HTTP or SSH must be enabled and an attacker must obtain access to the vulnerable device. ______________________________________________________________________________ LINKS: CIAC BULLETIN: http://www.ciac.org/ciac/bulletins/o-157.shtml ORIGINAL BULLETIN: http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa- 20040609-catos.shtml ______________________________________________________________________________ [***** Start Cisco Document ID: 52781 *****] Cisco Security Advisory: Cisco CatOS Telnet, HTTP and SSH Vulnerability Document ID: 52781 Revision 1.0 For Public Release 2004 June 9 at 1600 UTC (GMT) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please provide your feedback on this document. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contents Summary Affected Products Details Impact Software Versions and Fixes Obtaining Fixed Software Workarounds Exploitation and Public Announcements Status of This Notice: FINAL Distribution Revision History Cisco Security Procedures -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Summary Cisco CatOS is susceptible to a TCP-ACK Denial of Service (DoS) attack on the Telnet, HTTP and SSH service. If exploited, the vulnerability causes the Cisco CatOS running device to stop functioning and reload. This vulnerability is documented as Cisco bug IDs CSCec42751, CSCed45576, and CSCed48590. There are techniques available to mitigate the potential effects of this vulnerability in the workaround section of this advisory. Cisco is providing fixed software, and recommends that customers upgrade to it. This advisory will be posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa- 20040609-catos.shtml. Affected Products Vulnerable Products Hardware -Catalyst 6000 series -Catalyst 5000 series -Catalyst 4500 series -Catalyst 4000 series -Catalyst 2948G, 2980G, 2980G-A, 4912G - use Catalyst 4000 series code base -Catalyst 2901, 2902, 2926[T,F,GS,GL], 2948 - use Catalyst 5000 series code base Software CatOS Release Train Affected Releases 8.xGLX earlier than 8.3(2)GLX 8.x earlier than 8.2(2) 7.x earlier than 7.6(6) 6.x earlier than 6.4(9) 5.x and earlier earlier than 5.5(20) Products Confirmed Not Vulnerable The following Catalyst switches do not run Cisco CatOS. Catalyst 8500 series Catalyst 4800 series Catalyst 4200 series Catalyst 4840G Catalyst 4908G-l3 Catalyst 4224 Access Gateway Switch Catalyst 3750 Catalyst 3750 Metro Catalyst 3560 Catalyst 3550 Catalyst 3500 XL Catalyst 2948G-l3 Catalyst 2970 Catalyst 2955 Catalyst 2950 Catalyst 2950 LRE Catalyst 2940 Catalyst 2900 XL Catalyst 2900 LRE XL Catalyst 2820 Catalyst 1900 Cisco IOS is not vulnerable to this issue. No other Cisco products are currently known to be affected by this vulnerability. To determine your software revision, type show version at the command line prompt of the network device. Details A TCP-ACK DoS attack is conducted by not sending the regular final ACK required for a 3-way TCP handshake to complete, and instead sending an invalid response to move the connection to an invalid TCP state. This attack can be initiated from a remote spoofed source. This vulnerability is currently known to be exploitable only if you have the Telnet, HTTP or SSH service configured on a device which is running Cisco CatOS. CatOS release 5.4 was the first CatOS release which incorporated the HTTP feature. Software releases that contain a "cv" in the image filename support the HTTP feature. The HTTP server is disabled by default. It is typically enabled to allow web based management of the switch using CiscoView. To disable the HTTP server on the switch type set ip http server disable. CatOS K9 (crypto) release 6.1 was the first CatOS release which incorporated the SSH feature. The SSH server is disabled by default. To verify if SSH has been configured on the switch type show crypto key. If this shows you the RSA key then SSH has been configured and enabled on the switch. To remove the crypto key type clear crypto key RSA and this will disable the SSH server on the switch. To check if the HTTP or SSH services are enabled one can also do the following: For HTTP, try and connect to the default HTTP port, TCP 80, using Telnet. telnet ip_ address_of_device 80. If the session connects, the service is enabled and accessible. Similarly, for SSH try and connect to the SSH port, TCP 22. The Internetworking Terms and Cisco Systems Acronyms online guides can be found at http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/. This vulnerability is documented in the Cisco Bug Toolkit as Bug IDs CSCec42751 ( registered customers only) , CSCed45576 ( registered customers only) , and CSCed48590 ( registered customers only) . Impact When exploited, the vulnerability causes the Cisco CatOS running device to stop functioning and reload. Software Versions and Fixes CatOS Release Train Fixed Releases 8.xGLX 8.3(2)GLX and later 8.x 8.2(2) and later 7.x 7.6(6) and later 6.x 6.4(9) and later 5.x and earlier 5.5(20) 1 The procedure to upgrade to the fixed software version is described at http://www. cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/lan/cat6000/sft_6_1/configgd/images.htm. Some Catalyst platforms may also require a boot ROM upgrade in conjunction with a software upgrade, please refer to the appropriate software release notes. 1If a device running fixed Cisco CatOS 5.5(20) version of code is being actively attacked for this vulnerability, network management access over the Ethernet interface may not be possible during that period; console access would still be possible. This is due to the software architectural limitations in 5.x. Customers are recommended to upgrade to 6.4(9) or later. Obtaining Fixed Software Cisco is offering free software upgrades to address this vulnerability for all affected customers. Customers with Service Contracts Customers with contracts should obtain upgraded software through their regular update channels. For most customers, this means that the software upgrades should be obtained through the Software Center on Cisco's worldwide website at http://www.cisco.com/ tacpage/sw-center/sw-lan.shtml. Customers using Third-party Support Organizations Customers whose Cisco products are provided or maintained through prior or existing agreement with third-party support organizations such as Cisco Partners, authorized resellers, or service providers should contact that support organization for assistance with the upgrade, which should be free of charge. Customers without Service Contracts Customers who purchase direct from Cisco but who do not hold a Cisco service contract and customers who purchase through third-party vendors but are unsuccessful at obtaining fixed software through their point of sale should get their upgrades by contacting the Cisco Technical Assistance Center (TAC). TAC contacts are as follows. +1 800 553 2447 (toll free from within North America) +1 408 526 7209 (toll call from anywhere in the world) e-mail: tac@cisco.com Please have your product serial number available and give the URL of this notice as evidence of your entitlement to a free software upgrade. Free upgrades for non-contract customers must be requested through the TAC. Please do not contact either "psirt@cisco.com" or "security-alert@cisco.com" for software upgrades. See http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/687/Directory/DirTAC.shtml for additional TAC contact information, including special localized telephone numbers and instructions and e-mail addresses for use in various languages. Customers may only install and expect support for the feature sets they have purchased. By installing, downloading, accessing or otherwise using such software upgrades, customers agree to be bound by the terms of Cisco's software license terms found at http://www.cisco.com/public/sw-license-agreement.html, or as otherwise set forth at Cisco.com Downloads at http://www.cisco.com/public/sw-center/sw-usingswc.shtml. Workarounds Implement the best practice of assigning all switch management interfaces to a dedicated VLAN and apply appropriate access controls on routers switching between the switch management interface VLAN and the rest of the network. To read more about best practices for Catalyst 4500/4000, 5500/5000, and 6500/6000 Series Switches running CatOS configuration and management, refer to http://www.cisco.com/en/US/partner/products/hw/ switches/ps663/products_tech_note09186a0080094713.shtml. Apply ACLs on routers / switches / firewalls in front of the vulnerable switches such that traffic destined for the Telnet TCP port 23, HTTP TCP port 80 and SSH TCP port 22 on the vulnerable switches is only allowed from the network management workstations. Refer to http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/iacl.html for examples on how to apply access control lists (ACLs) on Cisco routers. On the Catalyst 6000 series switches, if the VLAN Access Control List (VACL) feature is available in the code base, you can use VACLs to enable Telnet, HTTP and SSH access to the switch's management interface only from the network management workstations, refer to http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/lan/cat6000/ sft_6_1/configgd/acc_list.htm. Please note, these workarounds will not prevent spoofed IP packets with the source IP address set to that of the network management station from reaching the switch's management interface. For more information on anti-spoofing refer to http://www.cisco.com /warp/public/707/21.html#sec_ip and http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2827.txt. The Unicast Reverse Path Forwarding (Unicast RPF) feature helps to mitigate problems that are caused by malformed or forged IP source addresses that are passing through a router, refer to http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios122/122cgcr/ fsecur_c/fothersf/scfrpf.htm . IP Permit Lists will not provide any mitigation against this vulnerability. The Cisco PSIRT recommends that affected users upgrade to a fixed software version of code. Exploitation and Public Announcements The Cisco PSIRT is not aware of any public announcements or malicious use of the v ulnerability described in this advisory. This vulnerability was found internally during testing. Status of This Notice: FINAL This Advisory is provided on an "as is" basis and does not imply any kind of guarantee or warranty of any kind. Your use of the information on the Advisory or materials linked from the Advisory is at your own risk. Cisco reserves the right to change or update this notice at anytime. A stand-alone copy or paraphrase of the text of this security advisory that omits the distribution URL in the following section is an uncontrolled copy, and may lack important information or contain factual errors. Distribution This advisory will be posted on Cisco's worldwide website at http://www.cisco.com/warp/ public/707/cisco-sa-20040609-catos.shtml . In addition to worldwide web posting, a text version of this notice is clear-signed with the Cisco PSIRT PGP key having the fingerprint 8C82 5207 0CA9 ED40 1DD2 EE2A 7B31 A8CF 32B6 B590 and is posted to the following e-mail and Usenet news recipients. cust-security-announce@cisco.com first-teams@first.org (includes CERT/CC) bugtraq@securityfocus.com vulnwatch@wulnwatch.org cisco@spot.colorado.edu cisco-nsp@puck.nether.net full-disclosure@lists.netsys.com comp.dcom.sys.cisco@newsgate.cisco.com Various internal Cisco mailing lists Future updates of this advisory, if any, will be placed on Cisco's worldwide website, but may or may not be actively announced on mailing lists or newsgroups. Users concerned about this problem are encouraged to check the above URL for any updates. Revision History Revision 1.0 2004-Jun-9 Initial public release. Cisco Security Procedures Complete information on reporting security vulnerabilities in Cisco products, obtaining assistance with security incidents, and registering to receive security information from Cisco, is available on Cisco's worldwide website at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/ sec_incident_response.shtml. This includes instructions for press inquiries regarding Cisco security notices. All Cisco security advisories are available at http://www.cisco. com/go/psirt. [***** End Cisco Document ID: 52781 *****] _______________________________________________________________________________ CIAC wishes to acknowledge the contributions of Cisco for the information contained in this bulletin. _______________________________________________________________________________ CIAC, the Computer Incident Advisory Capability, is the computer security incident response team for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the emergency backup response team for the National Institutes of Health (NIH). CIAC is located at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, California. CIAC is also a founding member of FIRST, the Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams, a global organization established to foster cooperation and coordination among computer security teams worldwide. CIAC services are available to DOE, DOE contractors, and the NIH. CIAC can be contacted at: Voice: +1 925-422-8193 (7x24) FAX: +1 925-423-8002 STU-III: +1 925-423-2604 E-mail: ciac@ciac.org Previous CIAC notices, anti-virus software, and other information are available from the CIAC Computer Security Archive. World Wide Web: http://www.ciac.org/ Anonymous FTP: ftp.ciac.org PLEASE NOTE: Many users outside of the DOE, ESnet, and NIH computing communities receive CIAC bulletins. If you are not part of these communities, please contact your agency's response team to report incidents. Your agency's team will coordinate with CIAC. The Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams (FIRST) is a world-wide organization. A list of FIRST member organizations and their constituencies can be obtained via WWW at http://www.first.org/. This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor the University of California nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial products, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation or favoring by the United States Government or the University of California. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or the University of California, and shall not be used for advertising or product endorsement purposes. 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